What hardware do you actually need to mine cryptocurrency?

CPU vs GPU vs ASIC mining

Your hardware choice depends on what you're mining. Some cryptocurrencies (like Monero) are still mineable on standard CPUs, though returns are modest. GPU mining requires a graphics card—typically an older mid-range model works, you don't need the latest. ASIC miners are specialized chips for specific coins like Bitcoin, but they're expensive and only profitable at scale.

Realistic minimum setup

For GPU mining: a used graphics card ($100–400), a decent power supply (650W+), and a computer with available PCIe slots. For CPU mining: any existing computer works, but electricity costs often exceed earnings. Avoid buying new expensive hardware expecting quick returns—used equipment reduces risk.

Power consumption matters most

Your local electricity rate determines profitability more than hardware choice. A $300 graphics card consuming 150W is only worthwhile if your electricity costs less than ~$0.10 per kilowatt-hour. Calculate your break-even point before buying anything. Factor in hardware degradation and replacement costs over time.